A Note on Survey Research Methods Levels of Measurement: Foundational Basis for Quantitative Analysis of Survey Data

This research note briefly describes the levels of measurement variables and their applications in quantitative analysis survey data. It first presents concept variables. Second, four measurements, namely, nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio, with examples are offered. Then, application these to statistical data at univariate (descriptive statistics), bivariate, multivariate (e.g., binary logistic multiple linear regression) discussed. is expected be useful beginning (naïve) scholars for real-world tools analyze